The Daily Hoopoe

الشمس
Edition 91 of 114 ~1446 AH 15 Verses

The Unveiling of the Day: A Call to Witness

Oath to the Day of Judgment when the sun displays its glory, signifying the return of the account and ultimate accountability

Scene: {}

Subhead: Oath to the Day of Judgment when the sun displays its glory, signifying the return of the account and ultimate accountability

Headline: The Unveiling of the Day: A Call to Witness

Priority: highest

Key Quote: None

Lead Verse: 91:3

Scholar Bio: Dean of Academic Affairs at AlMaghrib Institute. One of the most popular Islamic scholars in the English-speaking world.

Multi Source: {'en.sahih': 'And [by] the day when it displays it', 'en.arberry': 'and by the day when it displays him', 'en.maududi': "and by the day as it displays the sun's glory,", 'en.yusufali': "By the Day as it shows up (the Sun's) glory;", 'en.pickthall': 'And the day when it revealeth him,'}

Scholar Name: Dr. Yasir Qadhi

Scholar Dates: b. 1975 CE

Scholar Style: Energetic, narrative-driven, brings historical events to life. Speaks as if the events are unfolding now. Master of making ancient contexts feel immediate and relevant.

Scholar Byline: Dr. Yasir Qadhi | Front Page Editor

Scholar Region: Houston, USA → Memphis, Tennessee

Lead Translation: And the day as it reveals it.

Secondary Stories: [{'text': 'And the sky and He who built it.', 'speaker': None, 'headline': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'priority': 'highest', 'verse_ref': '91:5'}, {'text': 'And the soul and He who proportioned it.', 'speaker': None, 'headline': 'The Divine Blueprint of the Soul', 'priority': 'highest', 'verse_ref': '91:7'}, {'text': 'Successful is he who purifies it.', 'speaker': None, 'headline': 'The Purity of Success: Cleansing the Self', 'priority': 'highest', 'verse_ref': '91:9'}]



Dossiers: [{'name': 'Allah', 'roles': {'deity': 1, 'giver': 1, 'guide': 1, 'judge': 4, 'object': 110, 'sender': 1, 'speaker': 579, 'subject': 2137, 'forgiver': 1, 'narrator': 1, 'observer': 1, 'promiser': 1, 'addressed': 106, 'addresser': 1, 'commander': 1, 'sovereign': 1, 'benefactor': 1, 'legislator': 15, 'questioner': 2, 'referenced': 1218, 'covenant_maker': 3, 'moral_authority': 1}, 'category': 'spiritual_entity', 'sentiment': {'just': 6, 'mixed': 16, 'neutral': 1546, 'revered': 1, 'merciful': 6, 'negative': 49, 'positive': 2526, 'benevolent': 4, 'omnipotent': 1, 'omniscient': 2, 'authoritative': 26, 'authoritative_merciful': 2, 'negative_toward_polytheists': 2}, 'key_quotes': [], 'key_verses': [{'text': 'By the sun and its radiance.', 'title': 'The Sun’s Oath: A Radiant Reminder of Divine Guidance', 'reference': '91:1'}, {'text': 'And the moon as it follows it.', 'title': "The Moon's Unwavering Path: A Mirror of Divine Precision", 'reference': '91:2'}, {'text': 'And the day as it reveals it.', 'title': 'The Unveiling of the Day: A Call to Witness', 'reference': '91:3'}, {'text': 'And the night as it conceals it.', 'title': 'The Night’s Veil: A Call to Reflect on Time’s Transience', 'reference': '91:4'}, {'text': 'And the sky and He who built it.', 'title': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'reference': '91:5'}], 'subcategory': None, 'dominant_need': 'transcendence', 'narrative_arc': {'total_suras': 112, 'last_appearance': 114, 'first_appearance': 1}, 'relationships': [{'type': 'messenger', 'verse_count': 1, 'other_character': 'Salih'}], 'need_weightage': {'esteem': 1.2, 'safety': 3.2, 'physiological': 0, 'transcendence': 10, 'belonging_love': 1.0, 'self_actualization': 0.9}, 'total_mentions': 4187, 'sura_mention_count': 11}, {'name': 'People of Thamud', 'roles': {'object': 8, 'speaker': 7, 'subject': 27, 'addressed': 14, 'referenced': 11}, 'category': 'group', 'sentiment': {'neutral': 6, 'negative': 61}, 'key_quotes': [], 'key_verses': [{'text': 'Thamood denied in its pride.', 'title': 'Echoes of the Thamud: A Call to Humility and Repentance', 'reference': '91:11'}, {'text': 'When it followed its most wicked.', 'title': 'The Wretchedly Sent: A Call to Self‑Accountability', 'reference': '91:12'}, {'text': 'The messenger of God said to them, “This is the she-camel of God, so let her drink.”', 'title': 'Guarding Allah’s Gift: The She‑Camel Lesson', 'reference': '91:13'}, {'text': 'But they called him a liar, and hamstrung her. So their Lord crushed them for their sin, and leveled it.', 'title': 'The Equal Weight of Sins: A Call to Humility', 'reference': '91:14'}], 'subcategory': None, 'dominant_need': 'transcendence', 'narrative_arc': {'total_suras': 21, 'last_appearance': 91, 'first_appearance': 7}, 'relationships': [{'type': 'instigation', 'verse_count': 1, 'other_character': 'Qidar ibn Salif'}], 'need_weightage': {'esteem': 0, 'safety': 2.7, 'physiological': 0, 'transcendence': 10, 'belonging_love': 0, 'self_actualization': 1.8}, 'total_mentions': 67, 'sura_mention_count': 4}, {'name': 'Salih', 'roles': {'object': 7, 'speaker': 20, 'subject': 3, 'addressed': 5, 'referenced': 3}, 'category': 'prophet', 'sentiment': {'positive': 38}, 'key_quotes': [], 'key_verses': [{'text': 'Thamood denied in its pride.', 'title': 'Echoes of the Thamud: A Call to Humility and Repentance', 'reference': '91:11'}, {'text': 'The messenger of God said to them, “This is the she-camel of God, so let her drink.”', 'title': 'Guarding Allah’s Gift: The She‑Camel Lesson', 'reference': '91:13'}, {'text': 'But they called him a liar, and hamstrung her. So their Lord crushed them for their sin, and leveled it.', 'title': 'The Equal Weight of Sins: A Call to Humility', 'reference': '91:14'}], 'subcategory': 'named', 'dominant_need': 'transcendence', 'narrative_arc': {'total_suras': 7, 'last_appearance': 91, 'first_appearance': 7}, 'relationships': [{'type': 'messenger', 'verse_count': 1, 'other_character': 'Allah'}], 'need_weightage': {'esteem': 0, 'safety': 4.5, 'physiological': 0, 'transcendence': 10, 'belonging_love': 0, 'self_actualization': 1.0}, 'total_mentions': 38, 'sura_mention_count': 3}]

Scholar Bio: The Proof of Islam. Abandoned his prestigious Baghdad professorship to seek spiritual truth. His Ihya Ulum al-Din remains the most influential work on Islamic spirituality.

Scholar Name: Imam al-Ghazali

Scholar Dates: 1058–1111 CE

Scholar Style: Deeply introspective, psychologically penetrating. Moves from rational argument to spiritual insight. Master of analogies that make the abstract tangible. Writes with the gravity of a man who abandoned fame for truth.

Scholar Byline: Imam al-Ghazali | Editor-in-Chief

Scholar Region: Tus, Iran → Baghdad → Damascus → Jerusalem

Total Characters In Sura: 7


Edges: [{'type': 'messenger', 'source': 'Allah', 'target': 'Salih', 'is_adversarial': False}, {'type': 'instigation', 'source': 'People of Thamud', 'target': 'Qidar ibn Salif', 'is_adversarial': False}]

Nodes: [{'name': 'Allah', 'category': 'spiritual_entity', 'mention_count': 11}, {'name': 'People of Thamud', 'category': 'group', 'mention_count': 4}, {'name': 'Salih', 'category': 'prophet', 'mention_count': 3}, {'name': 'Mankind', 'category': 'group', 'mention_count': 2}, {'name': 'Believers', 'category': 'group', 'mention_count': 1}, {'name': 'Disbelievers', 'category': 'group', 'mention_count': 1}, {'name': 'Qidar ibn Salif', 'category': 'historical_figure', 'mention_count': 1}]

Scholar Bio: The father of sociology. His Muqaddimah analyzed the rise and fall of civilizations centuries before modern social science.

Scholar Name: Ibn Khaldun

Scholar Dates: 1332–1406 CE

Scholar Style: Analytical, sociological lens on every event. Examines power dynamics, civilizational cycles, group cohesion (asabiyyah). The first war correspondent who understood why empires fall.

Scholar Byline: Ibn Khaldun | War Correspondent & Political Analyst

Scholar Region: Tunis, Tunisia → Cairo, Egypt

Total Characters: 7

Total Relationships: 2


Scholar Bio: Dean of Academic Affairs at AlMaghrib Institute. One of the most popular Islamic scholars in the English-speaking world.

Scholar Name: Dr. Yasir Qadhi

Chapter Audio: audio/chapters/sura_091.mp3

Scholar Dates: b. 1975 CE

Scholar Style: Energetic, narrative-driven, brings historical events to life. Speaks as if the events are unfolding now. Master of making ancient contexts feel immediate and relevant.

Scholar Byline: Dr. Yasir Qadhi | Front Page Editor

Scholar Region: Houston, USA → Memphis, Tennessee

Total Segments: 15

Verse Segments: [{'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:1', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06043.mp3', 'text_preview': 'By the sun and its radiance.'}, {'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:2', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06044.mp3', 'text_preview': 'And the moon as it follows it.'}, {'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:3', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06045.mp3', 'text_preview': 'And the day as it reveals it.'}, {'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:4', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06046.mp3', 'text_preview': 'And the night as it conceals it.'}, {'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:5', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06047.mp3', 'text_preview': 'And the sky and He who built it.'}, {'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:6', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06048.mp3', 'text_preview': 'And the earth and He who spread it.'}, {'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:7', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06049.mp3', 'text_preview': 'And the soul and He who proportioned it.'}, {'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:8', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06050.mp3', 'text_preview': 'And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness.'}, {'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:9', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06051.mp3', 'text_preview': 'Successful is he who purifies it.'}, {'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'verse_ref': '91:10', 'audio_path': 'audio/segments/seg_06052.mp3', 'text_preview': 'Failing is he who corrupts it.'}]

Speaker Distribution: {'Narrator': 15}



Word: Faith

Frequency: 13

All Themes: [{'count': 13, 'theme': 'Faith', 'percentage': 15.7}, {'count': 10, 'theme': 'Creation', 'percentage': 12.0}, {'count': 8, 'theme': 'Guidance', 'percentage': 9.6}, {'count': 6, 'theme': 'Mercy', 'percentage': 7.2}, {'count': 6, 'theme': 'Worship', 'percentage': 7.2}, {'count': 5, 'theme': 'Patience', 'percentage': 6.0}, {'count': 5, 'theme': 'Repentance', 'percentage': 6.0}, {'count': 5, 'theme': 'Afterlife', 'percentage': 6.0}, {'count': 5, 'theme': 'Accountability', 'percentage': 6.0}, {'count': 4, 'theme': 'Gratitude', 'percentage': 4.8}, {'count': 3, 'theme': 'Knowledge', 'percentage': 3.6}, {'count': 2, 'theme': 'Humility', 'percentage': 2.4}, {'count': 2, 'theme': 'Justice', 'percentage': 2.4}, {'count': 2, 'theme': 'Prophets', 'percentage': 2.4}, {'count': 2, 'theme': 'Community', 'percentage': 2.4}, {'count': 1, 'theme': 'Provision', 'percentage': 1.2}, {'count': 1, 'theme': 'Family', 'percentage': 1.2}, {'count': 1, 'theme': 'Charity', 'percentage': 1.2}, {'count': 1, 'theme': 'Covenant', 'percentage': 1.2}, {'count': 1, 'theme': 'Unity', 'percentage': 1.2}]

Percentage: 15.7

Scholar Bio: Egypt's most prolific scholar. Author of over 500 works, including the co-authored Tafsir al-Jalalayn completed in a single sitting.

Scholar Name: Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti

Sample Verses: [{'title': 'The Sun’s Oath: A Radiant Reminder of Divine Guidance', 'reference': '91:1'}, {'title': "The Moon's Unwavering Path: A Mirror of Divine Precision", 'reference': '91:2'}, {'title': 'The Unveiling of the Day: A Call to Witness', 'reference': '91:3'}]

Scholar Dates: 1445–1505 CE

Scholar Style: Encyclopedic, linguistically precise, playful with Arabic roots. The ultimate polymath — wrote over 500 works. Sees the Quran as a linguistic miracle first.

Scholar Byline: Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti | Linguistics Editor

Scholar Region: Cairo, Egypt

Total Tag Instances: 83


Links: [{'context': 'The Sun’s Oath: A Radiant Reminder of Divine Guidance', 'cited_by': ['91:1', '91:2', '91:4'], 'reference': '1, Ayah 6', 'target_sura': None, 'citation_count': 5}, {'context': 'The Sun’s Oath: A Radiant Reminder of Divine Guidance', 'cited_by': ['91:1', '91:2', '91:4'], 'reference': '2:6', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 5}, {'context': 'The Sun’s Oath: A Radiant Reminder of Divine Guidance', 'cited_by': ['91:1', '91:2', '91:4'], 'reference': '2:7', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 5}, {'context': 'The Sun’s Oath: A Radiant Reminder of Divine Guidance', 'cited_by': ['91:1', '91:2', '91:4'], 'reference': '2, Ayah 8', 'target_sura': None, 'citation_count': 5}, {'context': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'cited_by': ['91:5', '91:7', '91:9'], 'reference': '1:1', 'target_sura': 1, 'citation_count': 4}, {'context': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'cited_by': ['91:5', '91:7', '91:9'], 'reference': '1:2', 'target_sura': 1, 'citation_count': 4}, {'context': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'cited_by': ['91:5', '91:7', '91:9'], 'reference': '1:3', 'target_sura': 1, 'citation_count': 4}, {'context': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'cited_by': ['91:5', '91:7', '91:9'], 'reference': '1:4', 'target_sura': 1, 'citation_count': 4}, {'context': 'The Peril of Corrupting the Sacred', 'cited_by': ['91:10', '91:12'], 'reference': '2:65', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 2}, {'context': 'The Peril of Corrupting the Sacred', 'cited_by': ['91:10', '91:12'], 'reference': '2:76', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 2}, {'context': 'The Peril of Corrupting the Sacred', 'cited_by': ['91:10', '91:12'], 'reference': '2:87', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 2}, {'context': 'The Peril of Corrupting the Sacred', 'cited_by': ['91:10', '91:12'], 'reference': '2:104', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 2}, {'context': 'The Vast Canvas of Creation', 'cited_by': ['91:6'], 'reference': 'Sura:2, Ayah:1', 'target_sura': None, 'citation_count': 1}, {'context': 'The Vast Canvas of Creation', 'cited_by': ['91:6'], 'reference': '2:129', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 1}, {'context': 'The Vast Canvas of Creation', 'cited_by': ['91:6'], 'reference': '2:266', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 1}, {'context': 'The Vast Canvas of Creation', 'cited_by': ['91:6'], 'reference': '5:100', 'target_sura': 5, 'citation_count': 1}, {'context': 'Discern the Duality of Creation', 'cited_by': ['91:8'], 'reference': '2:3', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 1}, {'context': 'Discern the Duality of Creation', 'cited_by': ['91:8'], 'reference': '2:11', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 1}, {'context': 'Discern the Duality of Creation', 'cited_by': ['91:8'], 'reference': 'Sura:2:14', 'target_sura': None, 'citation_count': 1}, {'context': 'Discern the Duality of Creation', 'cited_by': ['91:8'], 'reference': '2:44', 'target_sura': 2, 'citation_count': 1}]

Scholar Bio: Damascus's greatest historian-exegete. His Tafsir Ibn Kathir is the gold standard of Quran-explains-Quran methodology.

Scholar Name: Ibn Kathir

Scholar Dates: 1300–1373 CE

Scholar Style: Clear, evidence-based, Quran-explains-Quran approach. Builds narrative from cross-references. Lets the text speak. The ideal reporter: documents, verifies, cross-checks.

Scholar Byline: Ibn Kathir | Senior News Correspondent

Scholar Region: Busra, Syria → Damascus

Total Cross References: 20


Duas: [{'title': 'The Unveiling of the Day: A Call to Witness', 'content': "O Allah, grant me eyes that see Your signs in every sunrise and sunset, hearts that recognize the Day's unfolding, and souls that are humbled by the reminder that the Day will reveal itself. May I always be present to witness Your majesty.", 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:3'}, {'title': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'content': 'O Allah, You who crafted the sky with precision and beauty, open my heart to see Your signs in every cloud, star, and horizon. Grant me gratitude that rises as high as the heavens You have fashioned.', 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:5'}, {'title': 'The Divine Blueprint of the Soul', 'content': 'O Allah, You have measured my soul with wisdom and purpose. Grant me the humility to honor its design, the strength to live within its proportion, and the compassion to help those whose souls You have proportioned.', 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:7'}]

Scholar Bio: Co-founder of Zaytuna College, America's first accredited Muslim liberal arts college. One of the most influential Western Muslims.

Scholar Name: Shaykh Hamza Yusuf

Daily Actions: [{'title': 'The Unveiling of the Day: A Call to Witness', 'content': "Observe the changing light of the day and note how Allah's signs unfold before your eyes.", 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:3'}, {'title': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'content': 'Every day, pause to look up at the sky and acknowledge it as a testament to Allah’s creative power.', 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:5'}, {'title': 'The Divine Blueprint of the Soul', 'content': 'Before each action today, pause to acknowledge the unique proportion of your soul and align your intent with its purpose.', 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:7'}]

Scholar Dates: b. 1958 CE

Scholar Style: Eloquent, bridges East and West seamlessly. Uses classical sources but speaks in modern idiom. Warm, humorous, deeply human in approach. Connects ancient wisdom to contemporary dilemmas.

Scholar Byline: Shaykh Hamza Yusuf | Reader Engagement Editor

Scholar Region: Washington, USA → Zaytuna College, California

Weekly Challenge: [{'title': 'The Unveiling of the Day: A Call to Witness', 'content': 'For seven days, keep a "Day\'s Witness Journal." 1) At sunrise and sunset, pause for one minute, observe the sky, and note any dramatic changes. 2) Write a brief sentence on how the display reminds you of the Day of Judgment and one action you will take to be more mindful of Allah’s signs. 3) At the end of the week, review your entries, rate your increased awareness on a scale of 1‑10, and set one concrete practice (e.g., daily gratitude prayer) that will help you remain present to Allah’s signs.', 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:3'}]

Immediate Responses: [{'title': 'The Unveiling of the Day: A Call to Witness', 'content': 'Stand at your window or balcony, watch the sun rise or set, count the minutes until the sky shifts from blue to golden, then to twilight, and record the exact moment the light changes dramatically.', 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:3'}, {'title': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'content': 'Stand outside or in a window, close your eyes for 30 seconds, and silently say, "Al‑hamdulillah, I bow to the One who fashioned the heavens," while feeling the wind and the vastness above you.', 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:5'}]

Reflection Questions: [{'title': 'The Unveiling of the Day: A Call to Witness', 'content': "When I consider the Day's unveiling, do I truly see Allah's signs in everyday moments, or do I wait for extraordinary events? How does my awareness of the Day's display alter my gratitude?", 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:3'}, {'title': 'The Architect of the Heavens', 'content': 'When did I treat the sky merely as scenery, and how would recognizing its divine design change my sense of purpose and humility?', 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:5'}, {'title': 'The Divine Blueprint of the Soul', 'content': 'How does recognizing that Allah has proportioned my soul influence the choices I make and the way I care for myself today?', 'priority': 5, 'verse_ref': '91:7'}]


Transcript: [{'text': 'By the sun and its radiance.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:1', 'aya_number': 1}, {'text': 'And the moon as it follows it.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:2', 'aya_number': 2}, {'text': 'And the day as it reveals it.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:3', 'aya_number': 3}, {'text': 'And the night as it conceals it.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:4', 'aya_number': 4}, {'text': 'And the sky and He who built it.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:5', 'aya_number': 5}, {'text': 'And the earth and He who spread it.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:6', 'aya_number': 6}, {'text': 'And the soul and He who proportioned it.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:7', 'aya_number': 7}, {'text': 'And inspired it with its wickedness and its righteousness.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:8', 'aya_number': 8}, {'text': 'Successful is he who purifies it.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:9', 'aya_number': 9}, {'text': 'Failing is he who corrupts it.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:10', 'aya_number': 10}, {'text': 'Thamood denied in its pride.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:11', 'aya_number': 11}, {'text': 'When it followed its most wicked.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:12', 'aya_number': 12}, {'text': 'The messenger of God said to them, “This is the she-camel of God, so let her drink.”', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': True, 'reference': '91:13', 'aya_number': 13}, {'text': 'But they called him a liar, and hamstrung her. So their Lord crushed them for their sin, and leveled it.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:14', 'aya_number': 14}, {'text': 'And He does not fear its sequel.', 'speaker': 'Narrator', 'is_quote': False, 'reference': '91:15', 'aya_number': 15}]

Scholar Bio: The Andalusian exile who wrote the most legally comprehensive tafsir in Islamic history — Al-Jami li Ahkam al-Quran.

Verse Count: 15

Scholar Name: Imam al-Qurtubi

Scholar Dates: 1214–1273 CE

Scholar Style: Systematic, verse-by-verse, extracts practical rulings from every passage. Combines Andalusian literary elegance with Egyptian scholarly rigor.

Scholar Byline: Imam al-Qurtubi | Senior Legal Analyst

Scholar Region: Cordoba, Spain → Cairo, Egypt